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Oracle® Database Vault Administrator's Guide
11g Release 2 (11.2)

Part Number E10576-02
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10 Oracle Database Vault Objects

This chapter contains:

Oracle Database Vault Schemas

The Oracle Database Vault objects include two schemas with database tables, sequences, views, triggers, roles, packages, procedures, functions, and contexts that support the administration and run-time processing of Oracle Database Vault.

Oracle Database Vault has the following schemas:

DVSYS Schema

The DVSYS schema contains Oracle Database Vault database objects, which store Oracle Database Vault configuration information and support the administration and run-time processing of Oracle Database Vault. In a default installation, the DVSYS schema is locked. The DVSYS schema also owns the AUDIT_TRAIL$ table.

Oracle Database Vault secures the DVSYS schema by using a protected schema design. A protected schema design guards the schema against improper use of system privileges (for example, SELECT ANY TABLE, CREATE ANY VIEW, or DROP ANY).

Oracle Database Vault protects and secures the DVSYS schema in the following ways:

  • The DVSYS protected schema and its administrative roles cannot be dropped. By default, the DVSYS account is locked.

  • Statements such as CREATE USER, ALTER USER, DROP USER, CREATE PROFILE, ALTER PROFILE, and DROP PROFILE can only be issued by a user with the DV_ACCTMGR role. SYSDBA can issue these statements only if it is allowed to do so by modifying the Can Maintain Accounts/Profiles rule set.

  • The powerful ANY system privileges for database definition language (DDL) and data manipulation language (DML) commands are blocked in the protected schema. This means that the objects in the DVSYS schema must be created by the schema account itself. Also, access to the schema objects must be authorized through object privilege grants.

  • Object privileges in the DVSYS schema can only be granted to administrative roles in the schema. This means that users can access the protected schema only through predefined administrative roles.

  • Only the protected schema account DVSYS can issue ALTER ROLE statements on predefined administrative roles of the schema. "Oracle Database Vault Roles" describes Oracle Database Vault administrative roles in detail.

  • Only the protected schema account DVSYS can grant predefined roles to users along with the ADMIN OPTION. This means that a grantee with the ADMIN OPTION can grant the role to another user without the ADMIN OPTION.

  • The SYS.DBMS_SYS_SQL.PARSE_AS_USER procedure cannot be used to run SQL statements on behalf of the protected schema DVSYS.

Note:

Database users can grant additional object privileges and roles to the Oracle Database Vault Administrative roles (DV_ADMIN and DV_OWNER, for example) provided they have sufficient privileges to do so.

DVF Schema

The DVF schema is the owner of the Oracle Database Vault DBMS_MACSEC_FUNCTION PL/SQL package, which contains the functions that retrieve factor identities. After you install Oracle Database Vault, the installation process locks the DVF account to better secure it. When you create a new factor, Oracle Database Vault creates a new retrieval function for the factor and saves it in this schema.

Oracle Database Vault Roles

This section describes the default roles Oracle Database Vault provides. It includes the following topics:

About Oracle Database Vault Roles

Oracle Database Vault provides a set of roles that are required for managing Oracle Database Vault.

Figure 10-1 illustrates how these roles are designed to implement the first level of separation of duties within the database. How you use these roles depends on the requirements that your company has in place.

See Also:

Oracle Database Security Guide for general guidelines on managing roles

Figure 10-1 How Oracle Database Vault Roles Are Categorized

Description of Figure 10-1 follows
Description of "Figure 10-1 How Oracle Database Vault Roles Are Categorized"

Note:

You can grant additional object privileges and roles to the Oracle Database Vault roles to extend their scope of privileges. For example, SYSDBA can grant object privileges to an Oracle Database Vault role as long as the object is not in the DVSYS schema or realm.

Table 10-1 summarizes the privileges available with Oracle Database Vault roles. (The DV_PATCH_ADMIN and DV_STREAMS_ADMIN roles are not included because they have no privileges.)

Table 10-1 Privileges of Oracle Database Vault Roles

Privilege DV_OWNER DV_ADMIN DV_MONITOR DV_SECANALYST DV_ACCTMGR DV_REALM_OWNER  DV_REALM_RESOURCE DV_PUBLIC

DVSYS schema, EXEC

YesFoot 1 

YesFoot 2 

No

No

No

No

No

No

DVSYS packages, EXECUTE

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

No

No

No

DVSYS schema, SELECT

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes, on some Database Vault viewsFoot 3 

No

No

No

NoFoot 4 

DVSYS schema, grant privileges on objects

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

DVF schema, EXECUTE

Yes

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

DVF schema, SELECT

No

No

No

Yes

No

No

No

No

Monitor Database Vault

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

No

Run Database Vault reports

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

No

No

No

SYS schema, SELECT

Yes

No

Yes

Yes, on the same system views as DV_OWNER and DV_ADMIN

No

No

No

No

SYSMAN schema, SELECT

No

No

No

Yes, portions of

No

No

No

No

CREATE, ALTER, DROP user accounts and profilesFoot 5 

No

No

No

No

Yes

No

No

No

Manage objects in schemas that define a realmFoot 6 

No

No

No

No

No

YesFoot 7 

No

No

RESOURCE role privilegesFoot 8 

No

No

No

No

No

No

Yes

No


Footnote 1 Includes the EXECUTE privilege on all Oracle Database Vault PL/SQL packages.

Footnote 2 Includes the EXECUTE privilege on all Oracle Database Vault PL/SQL packages.

Footnote 3 DV_SECANALYST can query DVSYS schema objects through Oracle Database Vault-supplied views only.

Footnote 4 DV_PUBLIC can query DVSYS schema objects through Oracle Database Vault-supplied views only.

Footnote 5 This privilege does not include the ability to drop or alter the DVSYS account, nor change the DVSYS password.

Footnote 6 This privilege includes ANY privileges, such as CREATE ANY, ALTER ANY, and DROP ANY.

Footnote 7 The user with this role also must be the realm participant or owner to exercise his or her system privileges

Footnote 8 The RESOURCE role provides the following system privileges: CREATE CLUSTER, CREATE INDEXTYPE, CREATE OPERATOR, CREATE PROCEDURE, CREATE SEQUENCE, CREATE TABLE, CREATE TRIGGER, CREATE TYPE.

DV_OWNER Database Vault Owner Role

Use the DV_OWNER role to manage the Oracle Database Vault roles and its configuration. In this guide, the example account that uses this role is dbvowner.

Privileges Associated with the DV_OWNER Role

The DV_OWNER role has the administrative capabilities that the DV_ADMIN role provides, and the reporting capabilities the DV_SECANALYST role provides. It also provides privileges for monitoring Oracle Database Vault. It is created when you install Oracle Database Vault, and has the most privileges on the DVSYS schema. In addition to DV_ADMIN role, the DV_OWNER role has the GRANT ANY ROLE, ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER, and ALTER ANY TRIGGER privileges.

Tip:

Consider creating a separate, named account for the DV_OWNER user. This way, if the user is no longer available (for example, he or she left the company), then you can easily recreate this user account and then grant this user the DV_OWNER role.

To find the full list of system and object privileges associated with the DV_OWNER role, log in to SQL*Plus with administrative privileges and then enter the following queries:

SELECT TABLE_NAME, OWNER, PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_TAB_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_OWNER';
SELECT PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_OWNER';

When you install and register Oracle Database Vault, the DV_OWNER account is created. The user who is granted this role is also granted the ADMIN option and can run any Oracle Database Vault roles (except DV_ACCTMGR) without the ADMIN OPTION to any account. Users granted this role also can run Oracle Database Vault reports and monitor Oracle Database Vault.

How Are GRANT and REVOKE Operations Affected by the DV_OWNER Role?

Anyone with the DV_OWNER role can grant the DV_OWNER and DV_ADMIN roles to another user. The account granted this role can revoke any granted protected schema role from another account. Accounts such as SYS or SYSTEM, with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege alone (directly granted or indirectly granted using a role) do not have the right to grant or revoke the DV_OWNER role to or from any other database account. Note also that a user with the DV_OWNER role cannot grant or revoke the DV_ACCTMGR role.

Managing Password Changes for Users Who Have the DV_OWNER Role

Before you can change the password for another user who has been granted the DV_OWNER role, you must revoke the DV_OWNER role from that user account. However, be cautious about revoking the DV_OWNER role. At least one user on your site must have this role granted. If another DV_OWNER user has been granted this role and needs to have his or her password changed, then you can temporarily revoke DV_OWNER from that user. Note also that if you have been granted the DV_OWNER role, then you can change your own password without having to revoke the role from yourself.

To change the DV_OWNER user password:

  1. Log in to SQL*Plus using an account that has been granted the DV_OWNER role.

  2. Revoke the DV_OWNER role from the user account whose password needs to change.

  3. Connect as a user who has been granted the DV_ACCTMGR role and then change the password for this user.

  4. Connect as the DV_OWNER user and then grant the DV_OWNER role back to the user whose password you changed.

Alternatively, you can temporarily disable Oracle Database Vault, log on as a user who has been granted the ALTER USER privilege, and then modify the DV_OWNER user password. Afterward, re-enable Database Vault. See Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," for more information.

What Happens When Oracle Database Vault Security Is Disabled?

The granting and revoking of all protected schema roles, including DV_OWNER, is enforced only by an instance with the Oracle executable linked with DV_ON, which enables Oracle Database Vault security. When the Oracle executable is linked with DV_OFF, then any account with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege can perform GRANT and REVOKE operations on protected schema roles.

Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," explains how to use DV_ON and DV_OFF.

DV_ADMIN Database Vault Configuration Administrator Role

The DV_ADMIN role controls the Oracle Database Vault PL/SQL packages.

Privileges Associated with the DV_ADMIN Role

The DV_ADMIN role has the EXECUTE privilege on the DVSYS packages (DBMS_MACADM, DBMS_MACSECROLES, and DBMS_MACUTL). DV_ADMIN also has the capabilities provided by the DV_SECANALYST role, which allow the user to run Oracle Database Vault reports and monitor Oracle Database Vault. During installation, the DV_ADMIN role is granted to the DV_OWNER role with the ADMIN OPTION during installation.

To find the full list of system and object privileges associated with the DV_ADMIN role, log in to SQL*Plus with administrative privileges and then enter the following queries:

SELECT TABLE_NAME, OWNER, PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_TAB_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_ADMIN';
SELECT PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_ADMIN';

How Are GRANT and REVOKE Operations Affected by the DV_ADMIN Role?

Accounts such as SYS or SYSTEM, with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege alone do not have the rights to grant or revoke DV_ADMIN from any other database account. The user with the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role can grant or revoke this role to and from any database account.

Managing Password Changes for Users Who Have the DV_ADMIN Role

Before you can change the password for a user who has been granted the DV_ADMIN role, you must revoke the DV_ADMIN role from this account. If you have been granted the DV_ADMIN role, then you can change your own password without having to revoke the role from yourself.

To change the DV_ADMIN user password:

  1. Log in to SQL*Plus using an account that has been granted the DV_OWNER role.

  2. Revoke the DV_ADMIN role from the user account whose password needs to change.

  3. Connect as a user who has been granted the DV_ACCTMGR role and then change the password for this user.

  4. Connect as the DV_OWNER user and then grant the DV_ADMIN role back to the user whose password you changed.

Alternatively, you can temporarily disable Oracle Database Vault, log on as a user who has been granted the ALTER USER privilege, and then modify the DV_ADMIN user password. Afterward, re-enable Database Vault. See Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," for more information.

What Happens When Oracle Database Vault Security Is Disabled?

The granting and revoking of protected schema roles, including DV_ADMIN, is enforced only by an instance with the Oracle executable linked with DV_ON, which enables Oracle Database Vault security features. When the Oracle executable is linked with DV_OFF, then any account with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege can perform GRANT and REVOKE operations on protected schema roles.

Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," explains how to use DV_ON.

DV_MONITOR Database Vault Monitoring Role

The DV_MONITOR role enables the Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control agent to monitor Oracle Database Vault for attempted violations and configuration issues with realm or command rule definitions. This enables Grid Control to read and propagate realm definitions and command rule definitions between databases.

Privileges Associated with the DV_MONITOR Role

There are no system privileges associated with the DV_MONITOR role, but it does have some the SELECT privilege on some SYS and DVSYS objects. To find the full list of DV_MONITOR object privileges, log in to SQL*Plus with administrative privileges and then enter the following query:

SELECT TABLE_NAME, OWNER, PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_TAB_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_MONITOR';

How Are GRANT and REVOKE Operations Affected by the DV_MONITOR Role?

By default, this role is granted to the DV_OWNER role, the DV_ADMIN role, the DV_SECANALYST role, and the DBSNMP user. Only a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER privilege can grant or revoke the DV_MONITOR role to another user. You cannot grant this role with the ADMIN option.

What Happens When Oracle Database Vault Security Is Disabled?

The granting and revoking of protected schema roles are enforced only by an instance with the Oracle executable linked with DV_ON, which enables the Oracle Database Vault security features. When the Oracle executable is linked with DV_OFF, then any account with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege can perform GRANT and REVOKE operations on protected schema roles.

Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," shows how to use DV_ON and DV_OFF.

DV_SECANALYST Database Vault Security Analyst Role

Use the DV_SECANALYST role to run Oracle Database Vault reports and monitor Oracle Database Vault. This role is also used for database-related reports. In addition, this role enables you to check the DVSYS configuration by querying the DVSYS views described in "Oracle Database Vault Data Dictionary Views".

Privileges Associated with the DV_SECANALYST Role

There are no system privileges associated with the DV_SECANALYST role, but it does have the SELECT privilege for the DVSYS object schema and portions of the SYS and SYSMAN schema objects for reporting on DVSYS- and DVF-related entities. To find the full list of DV_SECANALYST object privileges, log in to SQL*Plus with administrative privileges and then enter the following query:

SELECT TABLE_NAME, OWNER, PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_TAB_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_SECANALYST';

How Are GRANT and REVOKE Operations Affected by the DV_SECANALYST Role?

Any account, such as SYS or SYSTEM, with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege alone does not have the rights to grant this role to or revoke this role from any other database account. Only the user with the DV_OWNER role can grant or revoke this role to and from another user.

Managing Password Changes for Users Who Have the DV_SECANALYST Role

Before you can change the password for a user who has been granted the DV_SECANALYST role, you must revoke the DV_SECANALYST role from this account. If you have been granted the DV_SECANALYST role, then you can change your own password without having to revoke the role from yourself.

To change the DV_SECANALYST user password:

  1. Log in to SQL*Plus using an account that has been granted the DV_OWNER role.

  2. Revoke the DV_SECANALYST role from the user account whose password needs to change.

  3. Connect as a user who has been granted the DV_ACCTMGR role and then change the password for this user.

  4. Connect as the DV_OWNER user and then grant the DV_SECANALYST role back to the user whose password you changed.

Alternatively, you can temporarily disable Oracle Database Vault, log on as a user who has been granted the ALTER USER privilege, and then modify the DV_SECANALYST user password. Afterward, re-enable Database Vault. See Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," for more information.

What Happens When Oracle Database Vault Security Is Disabled?

The granting and revoking of protected schema roles are enforced only by an instance with the Oracle executable linked with DV_ON, which enables the Oracle Database Vault security features. When the Oracle executable is linked with DV_OFF, then any account with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege can perform GRANT and REVOKE operations on protected schema roles.

Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," shows how to use DV_ON and DV_OFF.

DV_STREAMS_ADMIN Oracle Streams Configuration Role

Grant the DV_STREAMS_ADMIN role to any user who is responsible for configuring Oracle Streams in an Oracle Database Vault environment. This enables the management of Oracle Streams processes to be tightly controlled by Database Vault, but does not change or restrict the way an administrator would normally configure Oracle Streams.

Privileges Associated with the DV_STREAMS_ADMIN Role

There are no system privileges associated with the DV_STREAMS_ADMIN role, but it does have the SELECT privilege on DVSYS objects. To find the full list of DV_STREAMS_ADMIN object privileges, log in to SQL*Plus with administrative privileges and then enter the following query:

SELECT TABLE_NAME, OWNER, PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_TAB_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_STREAMS_ADMIN';

Be aware that the DV_STREAMS_ADMIN role does not provide a sufficient set of database privileges for configuring Oracle Streams. Rather, the DV_STREAMS_ADMIN role is an additional requirement (that is, in addition to the privileges that Oracle Streams currently requires) for database administrators to configure Oracle Streams in an Oracle Database Vault environment.

How Are GRANT and REVOKE Operations Affected by the DV_STREAMS_ADMIN Role?

You cannot grant the DV_STREAMS_ADMIN role with ADMIN OPTION. Only users who have been granted the DV_OWNER role can grant or revoke the DV_STREAMS_ADMIN role to or from other users.

What Happens When Oracle Database Vault Security Is Disabled?

The granting and revoking of protected schema roles are enforced only by an instance with the Oracle executable linked with DV_ON, which enables the Oracle Database Vault security features. When the Oracle executable is linked with DV_OFF, then any account with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege can perform GRANT and REVOKE operations on protected schema roles.

Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," shows how to use DV_ON and DV_OFF.

DV_PATCH_ADMIN Database Vault Patch Upgrades Role

Temporarily grant the DV_PATCH_ADMIN role to any database administrator who is responsible for performing database patching or upgrades. After the patch or upgrade operation is complete, you should immediately revoke this role.

Privileges Associated with the DV_PATCH_ADMIN Role

This role does not provide access to any secured data.

How Are GRANT and REVOKE Operations Affected by the DV_OWNER Role?

Only a user who has the DV_OWNER role can grant or revoke the DV_PATCH_ADMIN role to and from another user. You cannot grant the DV_PATCH_ADMIN role with the ADMIN option.

What Happens When Oracle Database Vault Security Is Disabled?

The granting and revoking of protected schema roles are enforced only by an instance with the Oracle executable linked with DV_ON, which enables the Oracle Database Vault security features. When the Oracle executable is linked with DV_OFF, then any account with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege can perform GRANT and REVOKE operations on protected schema roles.

Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," shows how to use DV_ON and DV_OFF.

DV_ACCTMGR Database Vault Account Manager Role

Use the DV_ACCTMGR role to create and maintain database accounts and database profiles. In this manual, the example DV_ACCTMGR role is assigned to a user named dbvacctmgr.

Privileges Associated with the DV_ACCTMGR Role

A user who has been granted this role can use the CREATE, ALTER, and DROP statements for users or profiles. However, a person who has been granted the DV_ACCTMGR role cannot perform the following operations:

  • ALTER or DROP statements on the DVSYS account

  • ALTER or DROP statements on users who have been granted the DV_ADMIN, DV_OWNER, DV_SECANALYST, and DV_MONITOR roles

  • Change passwords for users who have been granted the DV_ADMIN, DV_OWNER, DV_SECANALYST, and DV_MONITOR roles

To find the full list of system and object privileges associated with the DV_ACCTMGR role, log in to SQL*Plus with administrative privileges and then enter the following queries:

SELECT TABLE_NAME, OWNER, PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_TAB_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_ACCTMGR';
SELECT PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_ACCTMGR';

Tips:

  • Oracle recommends that you add the user who has the DV_ACCTMGR role to the data dictionary realm. See "Step 1: Adding the SYSTEM User to the Data Dictionary Realm" for an example.

  • If you want the DV_ACCTMGR user to be able to grant other users ANY privileges, then log in as user SYS with the SYSDBA privilege and grant this user the GRANT ANY PRIVILEGE privilege.

  • Consider creating a separate, named account for the DV_ACCTMGR user. This way, if this user forgets his or her password, you can log in as the original DV_ACCTMGR account when you recreate the user's password. Otherwise, you must disable Oracle Database Vault, log in as SYS or SYSTEM to recreate the password, and then re-enable Database Vault.

How Are GRANT and REVOKE Operations Affected by the DV_ACCTMGR Role?

Any account, such as SYS or SYSTEM, with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege alone does not have the rights to grant this role to or revoke this role from any other database account. The account with the DV_ACCTMGR role and the ADMIN OPTION can grant this role without the ADMIN OPTION to any given database account and revoke this role from another account.

What Happens When Oracle Database Vault Security Is Disabled?

The granting and revoking of protected schema roles are enforced only by an instance with the Oracle executable linked with DV_ON, which enables Oracle Database Vault. When the Oracle executable is linked with DV_OFF, then any account with the GRANT ANY ROLE privilege can perform GRANT and REVOKE operations on protected schema roles.

Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," shows how to use DV_ON and DV_OFF.

DV_REALM_OWNER Database Vault Realm DBA Role

Use the DV_REALM_OWNER role to manage database objects in multiple schemas that define a realm. Grant this role to the database account owner who is responsible for managing one or more schema database accounts within a realm and the roles associated with the realm.

Privileges Associated with the DV_REALM_OWNER Role

A user who has been granted this role can use powerful system privileges like CREATE ANY, ALTER ANY, and DROP ANY within the realm. However, before this user can exercise these privileges, you must make this user either a participant or an owner for the realm. See "Defining Realm Authorization" for instructions.

There are no object privileges granted to the DV_REALM_OWNER role, but it does have some system privileges. To find the full list of DV_REALM_OWNER system privileges, log in to SQL*Plus with administrative privileges and enter the following query:

SELECT PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_REALM_OWNER';

How Are GRANT and REVOKE Operations Affected by the DV_REALM_OWNER Role?

The realm owner of the Oracle Data Dictionary realm, such as SYS, can grant this role to any given database account or role. Note that though this role has system privilege grants that SYS controls, it does not have the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN roles.

If you want to attach this role to a specific realm, then you must assign it to an account or business-related role, then authorize that account or role in the realm.

What Happens When Oracle Database Vault Security Is Disabled?

The granting and revoking of protected schema roles are enforced only by an instance with the Oracle executable linked with DV_ON, which enables the Oracle Database Vault security features. When the Oracle executable is linked with DV_OFF, then any account with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege can perform GRANT and REVOKE operations on protected schema roles.

Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," shows how to use DV_ON and DV_OFF.

DV_REALM_RESOURCE Database Vault Application Resource Owner Role

Use the DV_REALM_RESOURCE role for operations such as creating tables, views, triggers, synonyms, and other objects that a realm would typically use.

Privileges Associated with the DV_REALM_RESOURCE Role

The DV_REALM_RESOURCE role provides the same system privileges as the Oracle RESOURCE role. In addition, both CREATE SYNONYM and CREATE VIEW are granted to this role.

There are no object privileges granted to the DV_REALM_RESOURCE role, but it does have some system privileges. To find the full list of DV_REALM_RESOURCE system privileges, log in to SQL*Plus with administrative privileges and enter the following query:

SELECT PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_REALM_RESOURCE';

Though this role has system privilege grants that SYS controls, it does not have the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role.

How Are GRANT and REVOKE Operations Affected by the DV_REALM_RESOURCE Role?

You can grant the DV_REALM_RESOURCE role to a database account that owns database tables, objects, triggers, views, procedures, and so on that are used to support any database application. This is a role designed for a schema type database account. The realm owner of the Oracle Data Dictionary realm, such as SYS, can grant this role to any database account or role.

What Happens When Oracle Database Vault Security Is Disabled?

The granting and revoking of protected schema roles are enforced only by an instance with the Oracle executable linked with DV_ON, which enables the Oracle Database Vault security features. When the Oracle executable is linked with DV_OFF, then any account with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege can perform GRANT and REVOKE operations on protected schema roles.

Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," shows how to use DV_ON and DV_OFF.

DV_PUBLIC Database Vault PUBLIC Role

Use the DV_PUBLIC role to grant privileges on specific objects in the DVSYS schema. (Remember that in a default installation, the DVSYS schema is locked.)

Privileges Associated with the DV_PUBLIC Role

The following Oracle Database Vault objects are accessible through DV_PUBLIC:

There are no system privileges granted to the DV_PUBLIC role, but it does have some object privileges. To find the full list of DV_PUBLIC object privileges, log in to SQL*Plus with administrative privileges and enter the following query:

SELECT TABLE_NAME, OWNER, PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_TAB_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'DV_PUBLIC';

How Are GRANT and REVOKE Operations Affected by the DV_PUBLIC Role?

Oracle Database Vault does not enable you to directly grant object privileges in the DVSYS schema to PUBLIC. You must grant the object privilege on the DVSYS schema object the DV_PUBLIC role, and then grant DV_PUBLIC to PUBLIC. However, if you do this, it is important that you do not add more object privileges to the PUBLIC role. Doing so may undermine Oracle Database Vault security.

What Happens When Oracle Database Vault Security Is Disabled?

The granting and revoking of protected schema roles are enforced only by an instance with the Oracle executable linked with DV_ON, which enables the Oracle Database Vault security features. When the Oracle executable is linked with DV_OFF, then any account with the GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege can perform GRANT and REVOKE operations on protected schema roles.

Appendix B, "Disabling and Enabling Oracle Database Vault," shows how to use DV_ON and DV_OFF.

Oracle Database Vault Accounts

Oracle Database Vault prompts for two accounts during installation: Oracle Database Vault Owner and Oracle Database Vault Account Manager. You must supply an account name and password for the Oracle Database Vault Owner account during installation. Creating an Oracle Database Vault Account Manager is optional.

The Oracle Database Vault Owner account is granted the DV_OWNER role. This account can manage Oracle Database Vault roles and configuration. (See "DV_OWNER Database Vault Owner Role" for detailed information about this role.)

The Oracle Database Vault Account Manager account is granted the DV_ACCTMGR role. This account is used to manage database user accounts to facilitate separation of duties. (See "DV_ACCTMGR Database Vault Account Manager Role" for detailed information about this role.)

If you choose not to create the Oracle Database Vault Account Manager account during installation, then both the DV_OWNER and DV_ACCTMGR roles are granted to the Oracle Database Vault Owner user account.

Tip:

Oracle recommends that you grant the DV_OWNER and DV_ACCTMGR roles to existing user accounts. However, continue to maintain the original DV_OWNER and DV_ACCTMGR user accounts that you created during installation. This way, for example, if a user who has been granted one of these roles forgets his or her password, then you can log in as the original Database Vault Account Manager user and then recreate the password without having to disable Oracle Database Vault.

Table 10-2 lists the Oracle Database Vault database accounts that are needed in addition to the accounts that you create during installation.

Table 10-2 Database Accounts Used by Oracle Database Vault

Database Account Roles and Privileges Description

DVSYS

Several system and object privileges are provided to support Oracle Database Vault. The ability to create a session with this account is revoked at the end of the installation, and the account is locked.

Owner of Oracle Database Vault schema and related objects

DVF

A limited set of system privileges are provided to support Oracle Database Vault. The ability to create a session with this account is revoked at the end of the installation, and the account is locked.

Owner of the Oracle Database Vault functions that are created to retrieve factor identities

LBACSYS

This account is created when you install Oracle Label Security by using the Oracle Universal Installer custom installation option. (It is not created when you install Oracle Database Vault.) Do not drop or re-create this account.

If you plan to integrate a factor with an Oracle Label Security policy, you must assign this user as the owner of the realm that uses this factor. See "Using Oracle Database Vault Factors with Oracle Label Security Policies" for more information.

Owner of the Oracle Label Security schema


You can create different database accounts to implement the separation of duties requirements for Oracle Database Vault. Table 10-3 lists some model database accounts that can act as a guide. (The accounts listed in Table 10-3 serve as a guide to implementing Oracle Database Vault roles. These are not actual accounts that are created during installation.)

Table 10-3 Model Oracle Database Vault Database Accounts

Database Account Roles and Privileges Description

EBROWN

DV_OWNER (with DV_ADMIN and DV_SECANALYST)

Account that is the realm owner for the DVSYS realm. This account can:

  • Run DVSYS packages

  • Have EXECUTE privileges in the DVSYS schema

  • Grant privileges on the DVSYS schema objects

  • Select objects in the schema

  • Monitor Oracle Database Vault activity

  • Run reports on the Oracle Database Vault configuration

JGODFREY

DV_ACCTMGR

Account for administration of database accounts and profiles. This account can:

  • Create, alter, or drop users

  • Create, alter, or drop profiles

  • Grant the DV_ACCTMGR role

  • Grant the CONNECT role

Note: This account cannot create roles, or grant the RESOURCE or DBA roles.

RLAYTON

DV_ADMIN (with DV_SECANALYST)

Account to serve as the access control administrator. This account can:

  • Execute DVSYS packages

  • Have EXECUTE privileges in the DVSYS schema

  • Monitor Oracle Database Vault activity

  • Run reports on the Oracle Database Vault configuration

Note: This account cannot directly update the DVSYS tables.

PSMYTHE

DV_SECANALYST

Account for running Oracle Database Vault reports in the Oracle Database Vault Administration application.


Oracle Database Vault Data Dictionary Views

Oracle Database Vault provides a set of DBA-style data dictionary views that can be accessed through the DV_SECANALYST role or the DV_ADMIN role. (Alternatively, you can run reports on Oracle Database Vault. See Chapter 16, "Oracle Database Vault Reports," for more information.) These views provide access to the various underlying Oracle Database Vault tables in the DVSYS and LBACSYS schemas without exposing the primary and foreign key columns that may be present. These views are intended for the database administrative user to report on the state of the Oracle Database Vault configuration without having to perform the joins required to get the labels for codes that are stored in the core tables or from the related tables.

This section contains:

DBA_DV_CODE View

The DBA_DV_CODE data dictionary view lists generic lookup codes for the user interface, error messages, constraint checking, and so on. These codes are used for the user interface, views, and for validating input in a translatable fashion.

For example:

SELECT CODE, VALUE FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_CODE WHERE CODE_GROUP = 'BOOLEAN';

Output similar to the following appears:

CODE    VALUE
------- --------
Y       True
N       False
Column Datatype            Null Description
CODE_GROUP VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Displays one of the following code groups:
  • AUDIT_EVENTS: Contains the action numbers and action names that are used for the custom event audit trail records

  • BOOLEAN: A simple Yes or No or True or False lookup

  • DB_OBJECT_TYPE: The database object types that can be used for realm objects and command authorizations

  • SQL_CMDS: The DDL commands that can be protected through command rules

  • FACTOR_AUDIT: The auditing options for factor retrieval processing

  • FACTOR_EVALUATE: The evaluation options (by session or by access) for factor retrieval

  • FACTOR_FAIL: The options for propagating errors when a factor retrieval method fails

  • FACTOR_IDENTIFY: The options for determining how a factor identifier is resolved (for example, by method or by factors)

  • FACTOR_LABEL: The options for determining how a factor identifier is labeled in the session establishment phase

  • LABEL_ALG: The algorithms that can be used to determine the maximum session label for a database session for each policy. See Table 11-57, "Oracle Label Security Merge Algorithm Codes" for a listing of the Oracle Label Security merge algorithm codes.

  • OPERATORS: The Boolean operators that can be used for identity maps

  • REALM_AUDIT: The options for auditing realm access or realm violations

  • REALM_OPTION: The options for ownership of a realm

  • RULESET_AUDIT: The options for auditing rule set execution or rule set errors

  • RULESET_EVALUATE: The options for determining the success or failure of a rule set based on all associated rules being true or any associated rule being true

  • RULESET_EVENT: The options to invoke a custom event handler when a rule set evaluates to Succeeds or Fails

  • RULESET_FAIL: The options to determine the run-time visibility of a rule set failing

CODE VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Boolean code used; either Y (yes) or N (no).
VALUE VARCHAR(4000)   Boolean value used; either True if the Boolean code is Y or False if the Boolean code is N.
LANGUAGE VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL Language for this installation of Oracle Database Vault.

See "Syntax for Using DVCA -action addlanguages" for a list of supported languages.

DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(1024)   Brief description of the code group.

DBA_DV_COMMAND_RULE View

The DBA_DV_COMMAND_RULE data dictionary view lists the SQL statements that are protected by command rules. See Chapter 6, "Configuring Command Rules," for more information about command rules.

For example:

SELECT COMMAND, RULE_SET_NAME FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_COMMAND_RULE;

Output similar to the following appears:

COMMAND         RULE_SET_NAME
--------------- -----------------------------
GRANT           Can Grant VPD Administration
REVOKE          Can Grant VPD Administration
ALTER SYSTEM    Allow System Parameters
ALTER USER      Can Maintain Own Account
CREATE USER     Can Maintain Account/Profiles
DROP USER       Can Maintain Account/Profiles
CREATE PROFILE  Can Maintain Account/Profiles
DROP PROFILE    Can Maintain Account/Profiles
ALTER PROFILE   Can Maintain Account/Profiles
Column Datatype               Null Description
COMMAND VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the command rule. For a list of default command rules, see Default Command Rules.
RULE_SET_NAME VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Name of the rule set associated with this command rule.
OBJECT_OWNER VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL The owner of the object that the command rule affects.
OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL The name of the database object the command rule affects (for example, a database table).
ENABLED VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL Y indicates the command rule is enabled; N indicates it is disabled.

DBA_DV_FACTOR View

The DBA_DV_FACTOR data dictionary view lists the existing factors in the current database instance.

For example:

SELECT NAME, GET_EXPR FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_FACTOR WHERE NAME = 'Session_User';

Output similar to the following appears:

NAME          GET_EXPR
------------- ---------------------------------------------
Session_User  UPPER(SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_USER'))

Related Views

Column Datatype                  Null Description
NAME VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL Name of the factor. See "Default Factors" for a list of default factors.
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(4000)   Description of the factor.
FACTOR_TYPE_NAME VARCHAR2(90) NOT NULL Category of the factor, which is used to classify the purpose of the factor.
ASSIGN_RULE_SET_NAME VARCHAR2(90)   Rule set used to control the identify of the factor.
GET_EXPR VARCHAR2(1024)   PL/SQL expression that retrieves the identity of a factor.
VALIDATE_EXPR VARCHAR2(1024)   PL/SQL expression used to validate the identify of the factor. It returns a Boolean value.
IDENTIFIED_BY NUMBER NOT NULL Determines the identity of a factor, based on the expression listed in the GET_EXPR column. Possible values are:
  • 0: By constant

  • 1: By method

  • 2: By factors

IDENTIFIED_BY_MEANING VARCHAR2(4000)   Provides a text description for the corresponding value in the IDENTIFIED_BY column. Possible values are:
  • By Constant: If IDENTIFIED_COLUMN is 0

  • By Method: If IDENTIFIED_COLUMN is 1

  • By Factors: If IDENTIFIED_COLUMN is 2

LABELED_BY NUMBER NOT NULL Determines the labeling the factor:
  • 0: Labels the identities for the factor directly from the labels associated with an Oracle Label Security policy

  • 1: Derives the factor identity label from the labels of its child factor identities.

LABELED_BY_MEANING VARCHAR2(4000)   Provides a text description for the corresponding value in the LABELED_BY column. Possible values are:
  • By Self: If LABELED_BY column is 0

  • By Factors: If LABELED_BY column is 1

EVAL_OPTIONS NUMBER NOT NULL Determines how the factor is evaluated when the user logs on:
  • 0: When the database session is created

  • 1: Each time the factor is accessed

  • 2: On start-up

EVAL_OPTIONS_MEANING VARCHAR2(4000)   Provides a text description for the corresponding value in the EVAL_OPTIONS column. Possible values are:
  • For Session: If EVAL_OPTIONS is 0

  • By Access: If EVAL_OPTIONS is 1

  • On Startup: If EVAL_OPTIONS is 2

AUDIT_OPTIONS NUMBER NOT NULL Option for auditing the factor if you want to generate a custom Oracle Database Vault audit record. Possible values are:
  • 0: No auditing set

  • 1: Always audits

  • 2: Audits if get_expr returns an error

  • 4: Audits if get_expr is null

  • 8: Audits if the validation procedure returns an error

  • 16: Audits if the validation procedure is false

  • 32: Audits if there is no trust level set

  • 64: Audits if the trust level is negative.

FAIL_OPTIONS NUMBER NOT NULL Options for reporting factor errors:
  • 1: Shows an error message.

  • 2: Does not show an error message.

FAIL_OPTIONS_MEANING VARCHAR2(4000)   Provides a text description for the corresponding value in the FAIL_OPTIONS column. Possible values are:
  • Show Error Message

  • Do Not Show Error Message:


DBA_DV_FACTOR_LINK View

The DBA_DV_FACTOR_LINK data dictionary view shows the relationships of each factor whose identity is determined by the association of child factors. The view contains one entry for each parent factor and child factor. You can use this view to resolve the relationships from the factor links to identity maps.

For example:

SELECT PARENT_FACTOR_NAME, CHILD_FACTOR_NAME FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_FACTOR_LINK;

Output similar to the following appears:

PARENT_FACTOR_NAME             CHILD_FACTOR_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
Domain                         Database_Instance
Domain                         Database_IP
Domain                         Database_Hostname

Related Views

Column Datatype           Null Description
PARENT_FACTOR_NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the parent factor.
CHILD_FACTOR_NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the child factor of the parent factor.
LABEL_IND VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL Indicates whether the child factor that is linked to the parent factor contributes to the label of the parent factor in an Oracle Label Security integration. Possible values are:
  • Y (for Yes)

  • N (for No)


DBA_DV_FACTOR_TYPE View

The DBA_DV_FACTOR_TYPE data dictionary view lists the names and descriptions of factor types used in the system.

For example:

SELECT * FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_FACTOR_TYPE WHERE NAME = 'Hostname';

Output similar to the following appears:

NAME      DESCRIPTION
--------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Time      Time-based factor

Related Views

Column Datatype              Null Description
NAME VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Name of the factor type.
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(1024)   Description of the factor type.

DBA_DV_IDENTITY View

The DBA_DV_IDENTITY data dictionary view lists the identities for each factor.

For example:

SELECT * FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_IDENTITY WHERE VALUE = 'GLOBAL SHARED';

Output similar to the following appears, assuming you have created only one factor identity:

FACTOR_NAME          VALUE          TRUST_LEVEL
----------------     -------------- ------------
Identification_Type  GLOBAL SHARED  1

Related Views

Column Datatype              Null Description
FACTOR_NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the factor.
VALUE VARCHAR(1024) NOT NULL Value of the factor.
TRUST_LEVEL NUMBER NOT NULL Number that indicates the magnitude of trust relative to other identities for the same factor.

DBA_DV_IDENTITY_MAP View

The DBA_DV_IDENTITY_MAP data dictionary view lists the mappings for each factor identity. The view includes mapping factors that are identified by other factors to combinations of parent-child factor links. For each factor, the maps are joined by the OR operation, and for different factors, the maps are joined by the AND operation.

You can use this view to resolve the identity for factors that are identified by other factors (for example, a domain) or for factors that have continuous domains (for example, Age or Temperature).

For example:

SELECT FACTOR_NAME, IDENTITY_VALUE FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_IDENTITY_MAP;

Output similar to the following appears:

FACTOR_NAME      IDENTITY_VALUE
---------------- --------------------
Sector2_Program  Accounting-Sensitive

Related Views

Column Datatype                 Null Description
FACTOR_NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Factor the identity map is for.
IDENTITY_VALUE VARCHAR(1024) NOT NULL Value the factor assumes if the identity map evaluates to TRUE.
OPERATION_VALUE VARCHAR(4000)   Relational operator for the identity map (for example, <, >, =, and so on)
OPERAND1 VARCHAR(1024)   Left operand for the relational operator; refers to the low value you enter.
OPERAND2 VARCHAR(1024)   Right operand for the relational operator; refers to the high value you enter.
PARENT_FACTOR_NAME VARCHAR(30)   The parent factor link to which the map is related.
CHILD_FACTOR_NAME VARCHAR(30)   The child factor link to which the map is related.
LABEL_IND VARCHAR(1)   Indicates whether the child factor being linked to the parent factor contributes to the label of the parent factor in an Oracle Label Security integration. Possible values are:
  • Y (for Yes)

  • N (for No)


DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY View

The DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY data dictionary view lists the Oracle Label Security policies defined for use with Oracle Database Vault.

For example:

SELECT POLICY_NAME, ALGORITHM_CODE, ALGORITHM_MEANING 
 FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY;

Output similar to the following appears:

POLICY_NAME     ALGORITHM_CODE    ALGORITHM_MEANING
--------------- ----------------- -----------------------
ACCESS_DATA     LUI               Minimum Level/Union/Intersection

Related Views

Column Datatype              Null Description
POLICY_NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the policy.
ALGORITHM_CODE VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Merge algorithm code used for the policy. See Table 11-57 for a listing of algorithm codes.
ALGORITHM_MEANING VARCHAR(4000)   Provides a text description for the corresponding value in the ALGORITHM_CODE column. See Table 11-57 for a listing of algorithm code descriptions.
ERROR_LABEL VARCHAR(4000)   Label specified for initialization errors, to be set when a configuration error or run-time error occurs during session initialization.

DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY_FACTOR View

The DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY data dictionary view lists the factors that are associated with Oracle Label Security policies.

You can use this view to determine what factors contribute to the maximum session label for each policy using the DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY view.

For example:

SELECT * FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY_FACTOR;

Output similar to the following appears:

FACTOR_NAME    MAC_POLICY_NAME
-------------- ------------------
App_Host_Name  Access Locations

Related Views

Column Datatype             Null Description
FACTOR_NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the factor.
MAC_POLICY_NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the Oracle Label Security policy associated with this factor.

DBA_DV_POLICY_LABEL View

The DBA_DV_POLICY_LABEL data dictionary view lists the Oracle Label Security label for each factor identifier in the DBA_DV_IDENTITY view for each policy.

For example:

SELECT * FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_POLICY_LABEL;

Output similar to the following appears:

IDENTITY_VALUE   FACTOR_NAME     POLICY_NAME       LABEL
---------------- --------------  ----------------  ---------
App_Host_Name    Sect2_Fin_Apps  Access Locations  Sensitive

Related Views

Column Datatype                Null Description
IDENTITY_VALUE VARCHAR(1024) NOT NULL Name of the factor identifier.
FACTOR_NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the factor associated with the factor identifier.
POLICY_NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the Oracle Label Security policy associated with this factor.
LABEL VARCHAR(4000) NOT NULL Name of the Oracle Label Security label associated with the policy.

DBA_DV_PUB_PRIVS View

The DBA_DV_PUB_PRIVS data dictionary view lists data reflected in the Oracle Database Vault privilege management reports used in the Oracle Database Vault Administrator (DV_ADMIN). See also "Privilege Management - Summary Reports".

For example:

SELECT USERNAME, ACCESS_TYPE FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_PUB_PRIVS WHERE USERNAME = 'OE';

Output similar to the following appears:

USERNAME    ACCESS_TYPE
----------- -----------------
OE          PUBLIC

Related Views

Column Datatype             Null Description
USERNAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Database schema in the current database instance.acces
ACCESS_TYPE VARCHAR(30)   Access type granted to the user listed in the USERNAME column (for example, PUBLIC).
PRIVILEGE VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL Privilege granted to the user listed in the USERNAME column.
OWNER VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Owner of the database schema to which the USERNAME user has been granted privileges.
OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the object within the schema listed in the OWNER column.

DBA_DV_REALM View

The DBA_DV_REALM data dictionary view lists the realms created in the current database instance.

For example:

SELECT NAME, AUDIT_OPTIONS, ENABLED FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_REALM 
  WHERE AUDIT_OPTIONS = 'N';

Output similar to the following appears:

NAME                          AUDIT_OPTIONS    ENABLED
----------------------------- ---------------- --------
Performance Statistics Realm  N                1

Related Views

Column Datatype               Null Description
NAME VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Names of the realms created. See"Default Realms" for a listing of default realms.
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(1024) NOT NULL Description of the realm created.
AUDIT_OPTIONS NUMBER NOT NULL Specifies whether auditing is enabled. Possible values are:
  • 0: No auditing for the realm.

  • 1: Creates an audit record when a realm violation occurs (for example, when an unauthorized user tries to modify an object that is protected by the realm).

  • 2: Creates an audit record for authorized activities on objects protected by the realm.

  • 3: Creates an audit record for both authorized and unauthorized activities on objects protected by the realm.

ENABLED VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL Specifies whether realm checking is enabled. Y (yes) indicates it is enabled; N (no) indicates it is not.

DBA_DV_REALM_AUTH View

The DBA_DV_REALM_AUTH data dictionary view lists the authorization of a named database user account or database role (GRANTEE) to access realm objects in a particular realm. See Defining Realm Authorization for more information.

For example:

SELECT REALM_NAME, GRANTEE, AUTH_RULE_SET_NAME FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_REALM_AUTH;

Output similar to the following appears:

REALM_NAME                    GRANTEE  AUTH_RULE_SET_NAME
---------------------------- --------- ---------------------
Performance Statistics Realm  SYSADM   Check Conf Access 

Related Views

Column Datatype                 Null Description
REALM_NAME VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Name of the realm.
GRANTEE VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL User or role name to authorize as owner or participant.
AUTH_RULE_SET_NAME VARCHAR(90)   Rule set to check before authorizing. If the rule set evaluates to TRUE, then the authorization is allowed.
AUTH_OPTIONS VARCHAR(4000)   Type of realm authorization: either Participant or Owner.

DBA_DV_REALM_OBJECT View

The DBA_DV_REALM_OBJECT data dictionary view lists the database schemas, or subsets of schemas with specific database objects contained therein, that are secured by the realms. See "Creating Realm-Secured Objects" for more information.

For example:

SELECT REALM_NAME, OWNER, OBJECT_NAME FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_REALM_OBJECT;

Output similar to the following appears:

REALM_NAME                   OWNER    OBJECT_NAME
---------------------------- -------- -----------
Performance Statistics Realm OE       ORDERS

Related Views

Column Datatype            Null Description
REALM_NAME VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Name of the realm.
OWNER VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Database schema owner who owns the realm.
OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Name of the object the realm protects.
OBJECT_TYPE VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Type of object the realm protects, such as a database table, view, index, or role.

DBA_DV_ROLE View

The DBA_DV_ROLE data dictionary view lists the Oracle Database Vault secure application roles used in privilege management.

For example:

SELECT ROLE, RULE_NAME FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_ROLE;

Output similar to the following appears:

ROLE               RULE_NAME
------------------ --------------------
Sector2_APP_MGR    Check App2 Access
Sector2_APP_DBA    Check App2 Access

Related Views

Column Datatype               Null Description
ROLE VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the secure application role.
RULE_NAME VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Name of the rule set associated with the secure application role.
ENABLED VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL Indicates whether the secure application role is enabled. Y (yes) enables the role; N (no) disables it.

DBA_DV_RULE View

The DBA_DV_RULE data dictionary view lists the rules that have been defined.

For example:

SELECT * FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_RULE WHERE NAME = 'Maintenance Window';

Output similar to the following appears:

NAME                RULE_EXP
------------------- ----------------------------------------------
Maintenance Window  TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24') BETWEEN '10' AND '12'

To find the rule sets that use specific rules, query the DBA_DV_RULE_SET_RULE view.

Related Views

Column Datatype              Null Description
NAME VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Name of the rule.
RULE_EXPR VARCHAR(1024) NOT NULL PL/SQL expression for the rule.

DBA_DV_RULE_SET View

The DBA_DV_RULE_SET data dictionary view lists the rules sets that have been created.

For example:

SELECT RULE_SET_NAME, HANDLER_OPTIONS, HANDLER FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_RULE_SET
 WHERE RULE_SET_NAME = 'Maintenance Period';

Output similar to the following appears:

RULE_SET_NAME       HANDLER_OPTIONS  HANDLER
------------------- ---------------- ----------------------
Maintenance Period                   1 dbavowner.email_alert

Related Views

Column Datatype                Null Description
RULE_SET_NAME VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Name of the rule set.
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(1024)   Description of the rule set.
ENABLED VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL Indicates whether the rule set has been enabled. Y (yes) enables the rule set; N (no) disables it.
EVAL_OPTIONS_MEANING VARCHAR(4000)   For rules sets that contain multiple rules, determines how many rules are evaluated. Possible values are:
  • All True: All rules in the rule set must evaluate to true for the rule set itself to evaluate to TRUE.

  • Any True: At least one rule in the rule set must evaluate to true for the rule set itself to evaluate to TRUE.

AUDIT_OPTIONS NUMBER NOT NULL Indicates when auditing is used. Possible values are:
  • 0: No auditing

  • 1: Audit on failure

  • 2: Audit on success

  • 3: Audit on both failure and success

FAIL_OPTIONS_MEANING VARCHAR(4000)   Determines when an audit record is created for the rule set. Possible values are:
  • Do Not Show Error Message.

  • Show Error Message

FAIL_MESSAGE VARCHAR(80)   Error message for failure that is associated with the fail code listed in the FAIL_CODE column.
FAIL_CODE VARCHAR(10)   The error message number associated with the message listed in the FAIL_MESSAGE column. Possible values are in the ranges of -20000 to -20999 or 20000 to 20999.
HANDLER_OPTIONS NUMBER NOT NULL Determines how error handling is used. Possible values are:
  • 0: Disables error handling.

  • 1: Call handler on rule set failure.

  • 2: Call handler on rule set success.

HANDLER VARCHAR(1024)   Name of the PL/SQL function or procedure that defines the custom event handler logic.
IS_STATIC VARCHAR2(5)   Indicates how often the rule set is evaluated during a user session. Possible values are:
  • TRUE: The rule set is evaluated once, and result of the rule set is reused throughout the user session.

  • FALSE (default): The rule set is evaluated each time it is accessed during the user session.


DBA_DV_RULE_SET_RULE View

The DBA_DV_RULE_SET_RULE data dictionary view lists rules that are associated with existing rule sets.

For example:

SELECT RULE_SET_NAME, RULE_NAME, RULE_EXPR FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_RULE_SET_RULE
 WHERE RULE_NAME = 'Is Security Officer';

Output similar to the following appears:

RULE_SET_NAME                RULE_NAME          RULE_EXP
---------------------------- ------------------ ---------------------------------
Can Grant VPD Administration Is Security Owner  DVSYS.DBMS_MACUTL.USER_HAS_ROLE_
                                                VARCHAR('DV_OWNER',dvsys.dv_
                                                login_user) = 'Y'

Related Views

Column Datatype              Null Description
RULE_SET_NAME VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Name of the rule set that contains the rule.
RULE_NAME VARCHAR(90) NOT NULL Name of the rule.
RULE_EXPR VARCHAR(1024) NOT NULL PL/SQL expression that defines the rule listed in the RULE_NAME column.
ENABLED VARCHAR(1)   Indicates whether the rule is enabled or disabled. Y (yes) enables the rule set; N (no) disables it.
RULE_ORDER NUMBER NOT NULL The order in which rules are used within the rule set. Does not apply to this release.

DBA_DV_USER_PRIVS View

The DBA_DV_USER_PRIVS data dictionary view lists the privileges for a database user account excluding privileges granted through the PUBLIC role.

For example:

SELECT USERNAME, ACCESS_TYPE, PRIVILEGE FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_USER_PRIVS;

Output similar to the following appears:

USERNAME  ACCESS_TYPE          PRIVILEGE
--------- -------------------- ------------
DVSYS     DV_PUBLIC            EXECUTE
DVOWNER   DV_ADMIN             SELECT
SYS       SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE  SELECT
...

Related Views

Column Datatype             Null Description
USERNAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the database schema account in which privileges have been defined.
ACCESS_TYPE VARCHAR(30)   Role the database user account listed in the USERNAME column uses to access the database. Oracle Database Vault accounts have direct access.
PRIVILEGE VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL Privilege granted to the user listed in the USERNAME column.
OWNER VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the database user account.
OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL Name of the PL/SQL function or procedure used to define privileges.

DBA_DV_USER_PRIVS_ALL View

The DBA_DV_USER_PRIVS_ALL data dictionary view lists the privileges for a database account including privileges granted through PUBLIC.     

For example:

SELECT USERNAME, ACCESS_TYPE, PRIVILEGE FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_USER_PRIVS;

Output similar to the following appears:

USERNAME     ACCESS_TYPE  PRIVILEGE
------------ ------------ -----------------
DV_ACCT_MGR  CONNECT      CREATE_SESSION
DBVOWNER     DIRECT       CREATE PROCEDURE
...

Related Views

Column Datatype              Null Description
USERNAME VARCHAR(30)   Name of the database schema account in which privileges have been defined.
ACCESS_TYPE VARCHAR(30)   Role the database user account listed in the USERNAME column uses to access the database. Oracle Database Vault accounts have direct access.
PRIVILEGE VARCHAR(40)   Privilege granted to the user listed in the USERNAME column.
OWNER VARCHAR(30)   Name of the database user account.
OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR(30)   Name of the PL/SQL function or procedure used to define privileges.