Contents

List of Examples

List of Figures

List of Tables

Title and Copyright Information

Preface

• Audience
• Documentation Accessibility
• Related Documents
• Conventions

What's New in Semantic Technologies?

• Release 11.2 Features
• Release 11.1 Features

1 Oracle Database Semantic Technologies Overview

• 1.1 Introduction to Oracle Semantic Technologies
• 1.2 Semantic Data Modeling
• 1.3 Semantic Data in the Database
  • 1.3.1 Metadata for Models
  • 1.3.2 Statements
    • 1.3.2.1 Triple Uniqueness and Data Types for Literals
  • 1.3.3 Subjects and Objects
  • 1.3.4 Blank Nodes
  • 1.3.5 Properties
  • 1.3.6 Inferencing: Rules and Rulebases
  • 1.3.7 Entailments (Rules Indexes)
  • 1.3.8 Virtual Models
  • 1.3.9 Semantic Data Security Considerations
• 1.4 Semantic Metadata Tables and Views
• 1.5 Semantic Data Types, Constructors, and Methods
  • 1.5.1 Constructors for Inserting Triples Without Any Blank Nodes
  • 1.5.2 Constructors for Inserting Triples With or Without Any Blank Nodes
• 1.6 Using the SEM_MATCH Table Function to Query Semantic Data
  • 1.6.1 Performing Queries with Incomplete or Invalid Entailments
  • 1.6.2 Graph Patterns: Support for Curly Brace Syntax, and OPTIONAL, FILTER, and UNION Keywords
• 1.7 Loading and Exporting Semantic Data
  • 1.7.1 Bulk Loading Semantic Data Using a Staging Table
    • 1.7.1.1 Recording Event Traces during Bulk Loading
  • 1.7.2 Batch Loading Semantic Data Using the Java API
    • 1.7.2.1 When to Choose Batch Loading
  • 1.7.3 Loading Semantic Data Using INSERT Statements
  • 1.7.4 Exporting Semantic Data
• 1.8 Using Semantic Network Indexes
• 1.9 Quick Start for Using Semantic Data
• 1.10 Semantic Data Examples (PL/SQL and Java)
  • 1.10.1 Example: Journal Article Information
  • 1.10.2 Example: Family Information
• 1.11 Software Naming Changes for Semantic Technologies
• 1.12 For More Information About Semantic Technologies

2 OWL Concepts

• 2.1 Ontologies
  • 2.1.1 Example: Cancer Ontology
  • 2.1.2 Supported OWL Subsets
• 2.2 Using OWL Inferencing
  • 2.2.1 Creating a Simple OWL Ontology
  • 2.2.2 Performing Native OWL inferencing
  • 2.2.3 Performing OWL and User-Defined Rules inferencing
  • 2.2.4 Generating OWL inferencing Proofs
  • 2.2.5 Validating OWL Models and Entailments
  • 2.2.6 Using SEM_APIS.CREATE_ENTAILMENT for RDFS Inference
  • 2.2.7 Enhancing Inference Performance
  • 2.2.8 Optimizing owl:sameAs Inference
    • 2.2.8.1 Querying owl:sameAs Consolidated Inference Graphs
  • 2.2.9 Performing Incremental Inference
  • 2.2.10 Using Parallel Inference
  • 2.2.11 Performing Selective Inferencing (Advanced Information)
• 2.3 Using Semantic Operators to Query Relational Data
  • 2.3.1 Using the SEM_RELATED Operator
  • 2.3.2 Using the SEM_DISTANCE Ancillary Operator
    • 2.3.2.1 Computation of Distance Information
  • 2.3.3 Creating a Semantic Index of Type MDSYS.SEM_INDEXTYPE
  • 2.3.4 Using SEM_RELATED and SEM_DISTANCE When the Indexed Column Is Not the First Parameter
  • 2.3.5 Using URIPREFIX When Values Are Not Stored as URIs

3 Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) Support

• 3.1 Supported and Unsupported SKOS Semantics
  • 3.1.1 Supported SKOS Semantics
  • 3.1.2 Unsupported SKOS Semantics
• 3.2 Performing Inference on SKOS Models
  • 3.2.1 Validating SKOS Models and Entailments
  • 3.2.2 Property Chain Handling

4 Semantic Indexing for Documents

• 4.1 Information Extractors for Semantically Indexing Documents
• 4.2 Extractor Policies
• 4.3 Semantically Indexing Documents
• 4.4 SEM_CONTAINS and SEM_CONTAINS_SELECT Syntax
• 4.5 Searching for Documents Using SPARQL Query Patterns
• 4.6 Bindings from Matched Documents (SEM_CONTAINS_SELECT Ancillary Operator)
• 4.7 Improving the Quality of Document Search Operations
• 4.8 Indexing External Documents
• 4.9 Configuring the Calais Extractor type
• 4.10 Working with General Architecture for Text Engineering (GATE)
• 4.11 Creating a New Extractor Type
• 4.12 Metadata Views for Semantic Indexing
  • 4.12.1 MDSYS.RDFCTX_POLICIES View
  • 4.12.2 RDFCTX_INDEX_POLICIES View
  • 4.12.3 RDFCTX_INDEX_EXCEPTIONS View
• 4.13 Default Style Sheet for GATE Extractor Output

5 Fine-Grained Access Control for RDF Data

• 5.1 Virtual Private Database (VPD) for RDF Data
  • 5.1.1 VPD Policy for RDF Data
  • 5.1.2 RDF Metadata for Enforcing VPD Policies
  • 5.1.3 Data Access Constraints
  • 5.1.4 RDFVPD_POLICIES View
  • 5.1.5 RDFVPD_MODELS View
  • 5.1.6 RDFVPD_POLICY_CONSTRAINTS View
  • 5.1.7 RDFVPD_PREDICATE_MDATA View
  • 5.1.8 RDFVPD_RESOURCE_REL View
• 5.2 Oracle Label Security (OLS) for RDF Data
  • 5.2.1 Securing RDF Subjects
  • 5.2.2 Securing RDF Predicates
  • 5.2.3 Securing RDF Objects
  • 5.2.4 Generating Labels for Inferred Triples
  • 5.2.5 Using Labels Based on Application Logic
  • 5.2.6 RDFOLS_SECURE_RESOURCE View

6 Workspace Manager Support for RDF Data

• 6.1 Enabling Workspace Manager Support for RDF Data
  • 6.1.1 Removing Workspace Manager Support for RDF Data
• 6.2 Version-Enabling an RDF Model
• 6.3 Inferring from Version-Enabled RDF Models
• 6.4 Merging and Refreshing Workspaces in Version-Enabled RDF Models

7 SEM_APIS Package Subprograms

• SEM_APIS.ADD_SEM_INDEX
• SEM_APIS.ALTER_ENTAILMENT
• SEM_APIS.ALTER_MODEL
• SEM_APIS.ALTER_SEM_INDEX_ON_ENTAILMENT
• SEM_APIS.ALTER_SEM_INDEX_ON_MODEL
• SEM_APIS.ANALYZE_ENTAILMENT
• SEM_APIS.ANALYZE_MODEL
• SEM_APIS.BULK_LOAD_FROM_STAGING_TABLE
• SEM_APIS.CLEANUP_FAILED
• SEM_APIS.COMPOSE_RDF_TERM
• SEM_APIS.CREATE_ENTAILMENT
• SEM_APIS.CREATE_RULEBASE
• SEM_APIS.CREATE_SEM_MODEL
• SEM_APIS.CREATE_SEM_NETWORK
• SEM_APIS.CREATE_VIRTUAL_MODEL
• SEM_APIS.DISABLE_CHANGE_TRACKING
• SEM_APIS.DISABLE_INC_INFERENCE
• SEM_APIS.DROP_ENTAILMENT
• SEM_APIS.DROP_RULEBASE
• SEM_APIS.DROP_SEM_INDEX
• SEM_APIS.DROP_SEM_MODEL
• SEM_APIS.DROP_SEM_NETWORK
• SEM_APIS.DROP_USER_INFERENCE_OBJS
• SEM_APIS.DROP_VIRTUAL_MODEL
• SEM_APIS.ENABLE_CHANGE_TRACKING
• SEM_APIS.ENABLE_INC_INFERENCE
• SEM_APIS.GET_CHANGE_TRACKING_INFO
• SEM_APIS.GET_INC_INF_INFO
• SEM_APIS.GET_MODEL_ID
• SEM_APIS.GET_MODEL_NAME
• SEM_APIS.GET_TRIPLE_ID
• SEM_APIS.IS_TRIPLE
• SEM_APIS.LOOKUP_ENTAILMENT
• SEM_APIS.MERGE_MODELS
• SEM_APIS.REMOVE_DUPLICATES
• SEM_APIS.RENAME_ENTAILMENT
• SEM_APIS.RENAME_MODEL
• SEM_APIS.SWAP_NAMES
• SEM_APIS.VALIDATE_ENTAILMENT
• SEM_APIS.VALIDATE_MODEL
• SEM_APIS.VALUE_NAME_PREFIX
• SEM_APIS.VALUE_NAME_SUFFIX

8 SEM_PERF Package Subprograms

• SEM_PERF.GATHER_STATS

9 SEM_RDFCTX Package Subprograms

• SEM_RDFCTX.CREATE_POLICY
• SEM_RDFCTX.DROP_POLICY
• SEM_RDFCTX.MAINTAIN_TRIPLES
• SEM_RDFCTX.SET_DEFAULT_POLICY
• SEM_RDFCTX.SET_EXTRACTOR_PARAM

10 SEM_RDFSA Package Subprograms

• SEM_RDFSA.ADD_VPD_CONSTRAINT
• SEM_RDFSA.APPLY_OLS_POLICY
• SEM_RDFSA.APPLY_VPD_POLICY
• SEM_RDFSA.CREATE_VPD_POLICY
• SEM_RDFSA.DELETE_VPD_CONSTRAINT
• SEM_RDFSA.DISABLE_OLS_POLICY
• SEM_RDFSA.DROP_VPD_POLICY
• SEM_RDFSA.ENABLE_OLS_POLICY
• SEM_RDFSA.MAINT_VPD_METADATA
• SEM_RDFSA.REMOVE_OLS_POLICY
• SEM_RDFSA.REMOVE_VPD_POLICY
• SEM_RDFSA.RESET_MODEL_LABELS
• SEM_RDFSA.SET_PREDICATE_LABEL
• SEM_RDFSA.SET_RDFS_LABEL
• SEM_RDFSA.SET_RESOURCE_LABEL
• SEM_RDFSA.SET_RULE_LABEL

A Enabling, Downgrading, or Removing Semantic Technologies Support

• A.1 Enabling Semantic Technologies Support
  • A.1.1 Enabling Semantic Technologies Support in a New Database Installation
  • A.1.2 Upgrading Semantic Technologies Support from Release 11.1
  • A.1.3 Upgrading Semantic Technologies Support from Release 10.2
  • A.1.4 Spatial and Partitioning Requirements
• A.2 Downgrading Semantic Technologies Support to a Previous Release
  • A.2.1 Downgrading to Release 11.1 Semantic Technologies Support
  • A.2.2 Downgrading to Release 10.2 Semantic Technologies Support
• A.3 Removing Semantic Technologies Support

Glossary

Index